Senior Researcher at the Brazilian Center of International Relations (CEBRI). Ernani Torres is an Economist with a PhD in Economics from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). He is a Professor at the Institute of Economics and permanent professor at the Graduate Program in International Political Economy at UFRJ. His work focuses on the financial system, energy and the international economy. He has served as a consultant and researcher for the British Foreign Office, the Brazilian Central Bank, the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission, the Brazilian National Confederation of Industry, the Institute for Industrial Development Studies (IEDI) and the University of Manchester. He was a career economist at the Brazilian Development Bank (BNDES) and Superintendent of Export and Economic Research Areas.