This paper is a collective effort from several experts who contributed in shaping its main ideas: Daniel Buira, Vaibhav Chaturvedi, Navroz K. Dubash, Kaveh Guilanpour, Céline Kauffmann, Julia Paletta, Anna Perez Català, Cristián Retamal, Carlos Rittl, Ma José Sanz, Izabella Teixeira, Henri Waisman and Harald Winkler, along with authors Xolisa Ngwadla, Marta Torres Gunfaus and Alexandra Deprez.

This Policy Brief aims to propose specific focus and modalities for the Roadmap to Mission 1.5 to enhance cooperation and accelerate action in tackling the global climate crisis, with a focus on keeping the 1.5°C goal of the Paris Agreement within reach. It underscores that addressing the current gaps in ambition and implementation requires not only national efforts but also a transformation of the global cooperation system to support climate action at scale. It also highlights the need to proactively address growing tensions between domestic transition policies and international goals, as well as the need to avoid a “race to the bottom” that undermines sustainable development objectives, particularly in developing countries. And it argues that the current UNFCCC process has focused heavily on signalling required actions but has lacked effective mechanisms to ensure the implementation of those commitments, including those arising from the Global Stocktake.